Zara Plus Sized A Case Study for a New Product Line Assignment

Zara Plus Sized A Case Study for a New Product Line - Assignment Example Accordingly, Zara does not currently have any offerings in plus sizes or for the fuller figured woman. Therefore, this is a lucrative market in which Zara’s competitors are capitalizing and Zara apparel is not. If Zara intends to maintain its competitive edge in this evolving market, it will be forced to integrate a full figured line of clothes into its product offerings. Normally, the apparel industry is already one that is almost wholly driven by consumer tastes; however, now that consumer needs play such a key role, the evolution of the industry takes place even more rapidly than prior market demands dictated. Objective The overall objective is to create a prosperous new line of plus sized/full figured women’s clothing to augment the existing profitability of the Zara apparel firm. This objective will be accomplished by designing and producing a new line of full figured/plus sized women’s clothing, internally marketing that new product line, working to streaml ine and maximize the profitability of the new product line, monitoring its growth and success, and expanding the product line to different markets based on the profitability both online and in the initial US market introduction. As such, Zara’s primary objective is to achieve market share in an existing market with existing products. According to analysis of Ansoff’s matrix referenced below in Figure 1.0, this strategy is the safest of Ansoff’s 4 strategies. Figure 1.0 However, it is a well known fact that even with this safest of strategies, it is not without its limitations. Most prominent among these drawbacks is the fact that competitors will necessarily react to Zara’s entry into the market. As Zara will be attempting to cut down on the number of customers and market share which these firms previously held, expect the competition to be fierce. By carefully measuring Zara’s objectives within the metrics of SMART (specific, measurable, attainabl e, and time bound), Zara apparel will ensure that the metrics and milestones of the product launch are well defined, possible, and timely. SPECIFIC/Measurable With the plus sized clothing market approaching US 20 billion dollar a year industry in the United States alone (Stark, 2012), it will be Zara’s intent to capture 0.00875% of the US market - equating to total sales figures of around US 165 million dollars per annum. Figure 2.0 below shows overall sales objectives for the first year of the new product line as compared with the overall size of the plus sized clothing economy in the United States. Figure 2.0 Attainable/Time Bound It is the understanding of this analysis that such a figure is attainable given Zara’s current market share and net profits as of fiscal year 2011 totaling over US 2.14 billion dollars (Irish Times, 2011). Even without accessing total internet sales into the overall tally, each of Zara’s 49 stores in the United States will be respons ible for generating around US 3.34 million dollars in sales of plus sized clothing in order to reach the sales number set forth by this analysis. For purposes of this analysis, the sales goals, both online and in

Jesus Christ Essay Example for Free

Jesus Christ Essay What are some ways the Christian gospel is perceived in our culture? Unfortunately, the Christian gospel is perceived negatively by many people I have encountered in everyday life. Many believe Christianity is a list of â€Å"do’s† and â€Å"don’ts† to which they are not willing to subscribe. Others believe the Christian gospel is one of many paths to heaven. Still, others consider the Christian gospel to be mythological. 2. What are some specific moral reasons people may reject the Christian gospel? People may reject the Christian gospel due to the belief that an all-knowing, all-powerful and loving God would not allow injustice or suffering to exist in the world. Another reason people may reject the Christian gospel is because they cannot believe a loving God would allow anyone to suffer for eternity in hell. 3. What are some specific emotional reasons people may reject the Christian gospel? I have heard numerous people reject the Christian gospel, because of the actions of a few â€Å"bad apples† that have ruined their impression of Christians in general. Therefore, they discount all Christians as â€Å"hypocrites† and reject the Christian gospel entirely. Another emotional reason that a person may reject the gospel is that someone close to them has endured hardship, illness or death that was a â€Å"good person† and they feel this would never happen if God was real. 4. What are some specific intellectual reasons people may reject the Christian gospel? People may reject the Christian gospel, for intellectual reasons, because they cannot comprehend that Jesus Christ was God in human flesh. They cannot comprehend that Jesus Christ could die and then be resurrected, because, in their minds, this defies logic and reason. 5. What can Christians do to address these objections and better communicate the Christian gospel? In order to better communicate the gospel, it is important to be non-argumentative and respectful of the other person’s beliefs when sharing the gospel message. As Christians, we can address these objections by citing the Scriptures, while at the same time putting the message in language that the layman can understand.

Affirmative Action :: Affirmative Action Essays

Affirmative action, is it still needed in this day and age? Has it accomplished what it was supposed to? Many people say that if America concentrated on programs that provided assistance to the most needy then they would have the opportunities that affirmative action is trying to provide. By going into the ghettos of our cities and stimulating business, thereby, promoting economic growth, the disenfranchised will reap the benefits. Have they been reaping the benefits of affirmation action? As a nation devoted to equality, the United States must do away with unproductive race-dividing policies. By eliminating them, Americans can take major steps in promoting competition and overcoming the color barrier. In his famous march in 1963, Martin Luther King Jr. longed for a society where "people would not be judged by the color of their skin but by the content of their character." Moreover, skin-color and social status should be irrelevant in hiring employees. Whereas, judging peo ple by the "content of their character" and their capabilities will create a thriving country. The emergence of Louis Farrakhan and the O.J. Simpson verdict have aroused American awareness regarding the extent to which race relations in this country have deteriorated. While Martin Luther King Jr. preached unity and equality in America, Farakahan supports segregation. Any organization or individual promoting a particular race diminishes uniformity. The existence of affirmative action and quotas further segregates American society by characterizing people by race and distinguishing between skin color. In order to bring people together, these classifications must yield. In employment situations, when the employer is bound to affirmative action policies, an individual of race A will receive a job before a better qualified individual of race B. These results are unfortunate. It’s discouraging to think that a company may not reach its greatest economic Affirmative Action 3 potential because it is forced to hire the less qualified of two individuals. How can we, as Americans, possibly promote policies that give preferential treatment to one person over another, based on something as irrelevant as the color of their skin? We can’t. Maintaining the role of one of the most competitive countries in the world, I would like to think that, as Americans, we have more pride in our country than that which is hampered by affirmative action. Furthermore, affirmative action and quotas play a very similar role in education. Unfortunately, many exceptional young students may not reap the benefits a well-respected college has to offer because someone with a possible, lesser degree of potential may be granted admission on the basis of their skin color.

Week Two Learning Team Reflection on Personal Liability

Week Two Learning Team Reflection on Personal Liability Law/531 October 2, 2012 ? Week Two Learning Team Reflection on Personal Liability Benefits to Commerce Team C colleagues decided on the following opinions in respect to the advantages of commerce using shareholders and other entities for protection against personal liability losses. Commerce is the buying and selling of goods or services within cities, states, and globally. The legal structure of a business will establish the liable responsibilities of the business owner.When a business is established as a Corporation or an LLC this structure separates business owner’s personal assets from the business debit and liability. The benefits of commerce acquiring shareholders or other entities to protect and shield their members from personal liabilities are a consideration that every entrepreneur should seek professional advice before starting a business. â€Å"As a separate legal entities, corporations are liable for their o wn debts and obligations† (Cheeseman, p. 558, 2010). By the corporation having shareholders it is limiting their loss if a potential suit arises.If they were to be sued they would be limited to the extent of their financial investment in the corporation. The officers of the corporation create a shield that protects them from liability, and from having their personal assets at risk. The benefit of having a corporation is that corporations itself becomes a legal entity; therefore the liability is taken away from an owner. If lawsuits arise the assets of the corporation will be at risk; however, the shareholders will not bear any personal liability. Therefore, potential investors in a corporation seek to have professional executives who use good judgment in running a business.The net worth of the corporation is also determined by the shareholders investment in the business and should there be a suit the corporation stands to be financially stronger than a business owned by a sole proprietor. If protecting investors was not available through legal methods most investors would not take the risk of losing their personal assets along with their investment. Personal Liability of Shareholders Team C colleagues decided on the following opinions in respect to the advantages of needing personal liability attached to individuals in violation and performing misdeeds.The United States is a country of laws. Believing that individuals and businesses are responsible for the actions and decision they make while in a position of authority. Personal liability is sometimes imposed the shareholders are normally not liable for the corporate debts incurred. (Cheeseman, 2010) Beginning around 1940, the government started enacting laws that attempted to protect society from unscrupulous businesses. History has shown that these laws alone cannot protect society from the misdeeds of individuals.Businesses always have relied on the consumer for continued existence. Therefore, a mutua l trust must occur to maintain the balance of commerce. People run businesses; therefore it is reasonable to consider that those that have a fiduciary responsibility should be held accountable for the misdeeds or torts that occur because of their negligence. Current laws consider a corporation as a legal entity accountable for any torts the members of that company may commit. Members of management under the same laws are afforded protection against claims on personal assets.If this protection did not exist individual’s assets could be attached to any litigation against the company regardless of which members were at fault. One may think attaching personal liability to managing members would be a reasonable solution. After all, they are the individuals who have stewardship over the company. In fact, this action would be counterproductive harming society and commerce alike. Corporate officers and business leaders would not want to take on the risk and would refrain from seeking a managing role within a corporation. The immediate effect on commerce would be devastating.Those with experience and know-how would simply remove themselves from management responsibilities, creating a vacuum for less qualified individuals, increasing the potential for torts to occur. Shareholders confidence would wane, stock markets would falter, and the economy would suffer a financial meltdown. Team C members also concur that corporations have protection for their shareholders regarding their personal information, but they do not hold the shareholders responsible if the corporation goes bankrupt or shuts down. Shareholders are only responsible for the amount of money they have invested in the company.Piercing the corporate veil is the doctrine stating that if the shareholder uses the corporation improperly, the court of equity disregards the corporate entity. The shareholder is personally liable for the corporation's debts and obligations (Cheeseman, 2010). This is also known a s the alter ego doctrine because the corporation becomes the alter ego of the shareholder. Still today sole proprietorships are the most popular form of starting a business and having ownership. The definition is a business owned by one person and not incorporated with any others.In the business world sole ownership is not separate and cannot be split apart from the owners personal assets (Fairfax, 2011). The unincorporated business is exposed to unlimited liabilities and loss of personal asset protection. In today’s commerce environment having unlimited liability is the single most substantial difference between having shareholders and other entities shielding the business and sole ownership. Concluding, it is imperative that individuals interested in starting a business take the appropriate measures to decide how they simply will protect the business from potential liability, or loss.Seeking the advice of professionals can facilitate making the proper decisions. ? Reference Cheeseman, H. (2010). Corporate Formation and Financing, Business Law (7th ed. )(pp. 556- 576). Upper Saddle River, New Jersey: Prentice Errors And Omissions Insurance – E. (2012, September 28). Retrieved from (I) INVESTOPEDIA: http://www. investopedia. com/terms/e/errors-omissions-insurance. asp#axzz27oyyIDBO Fairfax, L. M. (2011, July). The Model Business Corporation act at Sixty. Law & Contemporary Problems, 74(1), 19-30.

The Expectancy Theory of Motivation

The Expectancy Theory of Motivation The Expectancy Theory of Motivation Mr. Jeffrey Kiger Western Governor’s University LET 1 Task 1 Abstract The Expectancy Theory of Motivation was developed by Victor Vroom in 1964. The theory is not without its critics however, most of the evidence is supportive. The Expectancy Theory helps to explain the motivations of employees in both a positive and negative ways. A lot of people in the workforce feel this way about their jobs or careers. Although they have probably never thought much about why they feel this way or asked themselves â€Å"what can I do to overcome these feelings? The Expectancy Theory of Motivation There are 3 relationships that are associated with the expectancy theory of motivation. The first relationship is effort-performance, which is the perception by employees that a certain amount of effort will lead to an acceptable performance standard. The second relationship that this theory explains is that individuals believ e the desirable outcomes are the result of performing at a certain level. The final relationship that is related to the expectancy theory of motivation concerns the correlation between rewards and personal goals.This part explains to what degree a company’s rewards satisfy an individual’s personal needs or goals. The relationship also stresses the importance of those possible rewards for the employees. The employees seem to have a number of issues that they need to overcome in order for them to be successful with the new production process. It seems like Supervisor A is having trouble communicating and motivating with his team. All 3 of the Expectancy Theory relationships seem to be prevalent in this situation. Some of the team members don’t think that they can physically do the job.A portion of the employees feel that the new production system is too demanding for their abilities. The company needs to re-examine the processes, break them down to more basic step s, and then spend a little time retraining the production teams. The employees will then see that they can meet the production goals. Some of the other employees don’t want to do the job, they can meet the production goals but they have decided that it isn’t important enough to do so. They have determined that the effort isn’t worth it because other employees get paid the same amount even though they don’t reach the same production goals.They haven’t understood the actual relationship of performance to reward. They are putting the focus on the other employees and forgetting about themselves. The company needs to address this conflict in order to have successful production teams. The last group of employees do not think that the rewards for achieving the company’s production goals will mean much to them at the end of the week. They are obviously concerned about their personal goals of making as much money as possible each week. They are getti ng the reward for their effort toward the company’s production goals however, it’s not enough.These employees really have to make a decision concerning the reward versus their personal goals. In my opinion, the company needs to do 4 things to fix the issues at hand. First of all, the company needs to understand why the production goals are not reached and find solutions so that the employee can be successful. Secondly, they need to do a better job of communicating the production goals and standards. The third item that needs to change is the accountability of the employee to the production goals. Last of all, the company could even change the production levels that must be met to receive a bonus.The possibility of reaching the goals and receiving the reward/bonus will help the employee see the achievement of the performance reward relationship. Appendix Each Appendix appears on its own page. Footnotes 1Complete APA style formatting information may be found in the Publi cation Manual. Table 1 Type the table text here in italics; start a new page for each table [Insert table here] Figure Captions Figure 1. Caption of figure [Figures – note that this page does not have the manuscript header and page number]

Lines of Longitude in Geography

Lines of Longitude in Geography Longitude is the angular distance of any point on Earth measured east or west of a point on Earths surface. Where Is Zero Degrees Longitude? Unlike latitude, there is no easy point of reference such as the equator to be designated as zero degrees in the longitude system. To avoid confusion, the worlds nations have agreed that the Prime Meridian, which passes through the Royal Observatory in Greenwich, England, will serve as that reference point and be designated as zero degrees. Because of this designation, longitude is measured in degrees west or east of the Prime Meridian. For example, 30Â °E, the line passing through eastern Africa, is an angular distance of 30Â ° east of the Prime Meridian. 30Â °W, which is in the middle of the Atlantic Ocean, is an angular distance of 30Â ° west of the Prime Meridian. There are 180 degrees east of the Prime Meridian and coordinates are sometimes given without the designation of E or east. When this is used, a positive value represents coordinates east of the Prime Meridian. There are also 180 degrees west of the Prime Meridian and when W or west is omitted in a coordinate a negative value such as -30Â ° represents coordinates west of the Prime Meridian. The 180Â ° line is neither east nor west and approximates the International Date Line. On a map (diagram), lines of longitude are the vertical lines running from the North Pole to the South Pole and are perpendicular to lines of latitude. Every line of longitude also crosses the equator. Because longitude lines are not parallel, they are known as meridians. Like parallels, meridians name the specific line and indicate the distance east or west of a 0Â ° line. Meridians converge at the poles and are farthest apart at the equator (about 69 miles (111 km) apart). Development and History of Longitude For centuries, mariners and explorers worked to determine their longitude in an effort to make navigation easier. Latitude was determined easily by observing the inclination of the sun or the position of known stars in the sky and calculating the angular distance from the horizon to them. Longitude could not be determined in this way because Earths rotation constantly changes the position of stars and the sun. The first person to offer a method for measuring longitude was the explorer Amerigo Vespucci. In the late 1400s, he began measuring and comparing the positions of the moon and Mars with their predicted positions over several nights at the same time (diagram). In his measurements, Vespucci calculated the angle between his location, the moon, and Mars. By doing this, Vespucci got a rough estimate of longitude. This method did not become widely used however because it relied on a specific astronomical event. Observers also needed to know the specific time and measure the moon and Mars positions on a stable viewing platform- both of which were difficult to do at sea. In the early 1600s, a new idea to measure longitude was developed when Galileo determined that it could be measured with two clocks. He said that any point on Earth took 24 hours to travel the full 360Â ° rotation of Earth. He found that if you divide 360Â ° by 24 hours, you find that a point on Earth travels 15Â ° of longitude every hour. Therefore, with an accurate clock at sea, a comparison of two clocks would determine longitude. One clock would be at the home port and the other on the ship. The clock on the ship would need to be reset to local noon each day. The time difference would then indicate the longitudinal difference traveled as one hour represented a 15Â ° change in longitude. Shortly thereafter, there were several attempts to make a clock that could accurately tell time on the unstable deck of a ship. In 1728, clockmaker John Harrison began working on the problem and in 1760, he produced the first marine chronometer called Number 4. In 1761, the chronometer was tested and determined to be accurate, officially making it possible to measure longitude on land and at sea. Measuring Longitude Today Today, longitude is more accurately measured with atomic clocks and satellites. The Earth is still divided equally into 360Â ° of longitude with 180Â ° being east of the Prime Meridian and 180Â ° west. Longitudinal coordinates are divided into degrees, minutes and seconds with 60 minutes making up a degree and 60 seconds comprising a minute. For example, Beijing, Chinas longitude is 116Â °2330E. The 116Â ° indicates that it lies near the 116th meridian while the minutes and seconds indicate just how close it is to that line. The E indicates that it is that distance east of the Prime Meridian. Although less common, longitude can also be written in decimal degrees. Beijings location in this format is 116.391Â °. In addition to the Prime Meridian, which is the 0Â ° mark in todays longitudinal system, the International Date Line is also an important marker. It is the 180Â ° meridian on the opposite side of the Earth and is where the eastern and western hemispheres meet. It also marks the place where each day officially begins. At the International Date Line, the west side of the line is always one day ahead of the east side, no matter what time of day it is when the line is crossed. This is because the Earth rotates east on its axis. Longitude and Latitude Lines of longitude or meridians are the vertical lines running from the South Pole to the North Pole. Lines of latitude or parallels are the horizontal lines running from the west to the east. The two cross each other at perpendicular angles and when combined as a set of coordinates they are extremely accurate in locating places on the globe. They are so accurate that they can locate cities and even buildings to within inches. For example, the Taj Mahal, located in Agra, India, has a coordinate set of 27Â °1029N, 78Â °232E. To view the longitude and latitude of other places, visit the collection of Locate Places Worldwide resources on this site.

Chemical Structures Chemistry Images

Chemical Structures Chemistry Images Find chemistry photos and pictures, including molecular structures, images of glassware, gemstones, safety signs, elements, and famous scientists. Chemical Structures  Ã‚  Ã‚  Alphabetical Index of Molecular Structures - A through Z index of molecular structures.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Functional Groups - Functional groups are groups of atoms responsible for characteristic reactions in organic chemistry.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Molecular Geometry - Three-dimensional ball-and-stick representations of VSEPR molecular geometry configurations.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Amino Acids - Molecular structures of twenty natural amino acids.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Chemical Reactions - Diagrams of molecules in chemical reactions.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Drugs - Molecular structures and photographs of legal and illegal drugs.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Steroids - Molecular structures and photographs of the steroid hormones.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Vitamins - Molecular structures of the vitamins. Elements  Ã‚  Ã‚  Element Photo Gallery - Photos of the chemical elements, primarily public domain.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Elements in the Human Body - Photos of elements in the body, with descriptions of the biochemical role of the elements.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Printable Periodic Table - This is a collection of different periodic tables that you can save and print. Crystals, Minerals Gemstones  Ã‚  Ã‚  Crystal Lattices - Diagrams of the Bravais crystal lattices or space lattices.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Crystal Photo Gallery - Photos of crystals. Some are natural minerals and others are crystals that you can grow yourself.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Mineral Photo Gallery - Photos of minerals. Some are in their native state. Others are polished mineral specimens.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Snow and Snowflake Photo Gallery - Water crystals are absolutely beautiful!  Ã‚  Ã‚  Sugar Crystals Rock Candy - Images of sucrose, sugar, and rock candy.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Emerald Hollow Mine - Photographs of the sluice and creek at the Emerald Hollow Mine in Hiddenite, NC, plus pictures of some of the minerals and gems found there.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Hawaii Chemistry - A look at the geochemistry of Hawaii, including volcanoes and the different types of sand on the beaches. Photos of People  Ã‚  Ã‚  Famous Chemists - Photographs of scientists, inventors, and engineers who made important contributions to the field of chemistry.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Nobel Prize in Chemistry - Photos of the winners of the Nobel Prize in Chemistry.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Women in Chemistry - Photos of women who made discoveries or contributions to chemistry. Signs Symbols  Ã‚  Ã‚  Alchemy Symbols - Gallery of alchemy symbols for the elements and other matter.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Safety Signs - Collection of safety signs that you can print for your own use. Glassware Instruments  Ã‚  Ã‚  Glassware - Photographs of glassware with descriptions of how the pieces are used.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Lab Equipment Instruments - Collection of photographs of different scientific instruments.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Drug Paraphernalia - Items used for using or concealing illegal drugs. Other Chemistry Images  Ã‚  Ã‚  Alchemy - Learn more about alchemy and the history of chemistry.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Nuclear Tests - This photo gallery showcases nuclear tests and other atomic explosions.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Science Projects - See how science projects look, then learn how to do them yourself.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Periodic Tables - Collection of different types of periodic tables of the elements.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Fire Flames - Fire and flames are the visible result of combustion. Heres a look at some fire, flames, and pyrotechnics.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Dry Ice Projects - This is a collection of photos of dry ice and science projects you can do using dry ice.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Free Science Fair Project Pictures - This is a collection of images that you can use for your science fair project.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Fluorescence Phosphorescence - Photos and descriptions of fluorescence and phosphorescence.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Lightning Plasma Photo Gallery - Photos of lightning and other electrical discharges as well as natural and manma de examples of plasma.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Science Clipart - Collection of science clipart in gif format.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Science Pictures s of different types of luminescence and materials that glow in the dark.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Spectra Spectroscopy - These are spectra and images that relate to spectroscopy.

American Foreign Policy Under George Washington

American Foreign Policy Under George Washington As Americas first president, George Washington practiced a pragmatically cautious yet successful foreign policy. Taking a Neutral Stance As well as being the father of the country, Washington was also the father of early US neutrality. He understood that the United States was too young, had too little money, had too many domestic issues, and had too small a military to actively engage in a strident foreign policy. Still, Washington was no isolationist. He wanted the United States to be an integral part of the western world, but that could only happen with time, solid domestic growth, and a stable reputation abroad. Washington avoided political and military alliances, even though the US had already been the recipient of military and financial foreign aid. In 1778, during the American Revolution, the United States and France signed the Franco-American Alliance. As part of the agreement, France sent money, troops, and naval ships to North America to fight the British. Washington himself commanded a coalition force  of American and French troops at the climactic siege of Yorktown, Virginia, in 1781.​ Nevertheless, Washington declined aid to France during warfare in the 1790s. A revolution - inspired, in part, by the American Revolution - began in 1789. As France sought to export its anti-monarchical sentiments throughout Europe, it found itself at war with other nations, chiefly Great Britain. France, expecting the US would respond favorably to France, asked Washington for aid in the war. Even though France only wanted the US to engage British troops who were still garrisoned in Canada, and take on British naval ships sailing near US waters, Washington refused. Washingtons foreign policy also contributed to a rift in his own administration. The president eschewed political parties, but a party system began in his cabinet nonetheless. Federalists, the core of whom had established the federal government with the Constitution, wanted to normalize relations with Great Britain. Alexander Hamilton, Washingtons secretary of the treasury and defacto Federalist leader, championed that idea. However, Secretary of State Thomas Jefferson led another faction - the Democrat-Republicans. (They called themselves simply Republicans, although that is confusing to us today.) The Democrat-Republicans championed France - since France had helped the US and was continuing its revolutionary tradition - and wanted widespread trade with that country. Jays Treaty France - and the Democrat-Republicans - grew angrier with Washington in 1794 when he appointed Supreme Court Chief Justice John Jay as a special emissary to negotiate normalized trade relations with Great Britain. The resulting Jays Treaty secured most-favored-nation trade status for the US in the British trade network, settlement of some pre-war debts, and a pull-back of British troops in the Great Lakes area. Farewell Address Perhaps Washingtons greatest contribution to US foreign policy came in his farewell address in 1796. Washington was not seeking a third term (although the Constitution did not then prevent it), and his comments were to herald his exit from public life. Washington warned against two things. The first, although it was really too late, was the destructive nature of party politics. The second was the danger of foreign alliances. He warned neither to favor one nation too highly over another and to not ally with others in foreign wars. For the next century, while the United States did not steer perfectly clear of foreign alliances and issues, it did adhere to neutrality as the major part of its foreign policy.

Article two Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Article two - Essay Example Engaging in corporate responsibility gives the company a better image and consumers will want to engage more in the products being offered ( Crane, 21). Social responsibility can take different forms, the most popular being committing funds or resources for important social aspects. An example is donating money towards funding a facility for the blind. Another form of social responsibility is producing goods and services that are in the best interest of the whole community such as environmental friendly products or use of safe manufacturing materials. According to (Crane, 79) the best form of corporate social responsibility should integrate the two forms mentioned above. Produce environmental friendly products and funding charitable activities. Conclusively, the benefits of social responsibility include easy government relations. Companies have a more positive outlook if they take social responsibility seriously. No problems or campaigns will be launched against such companies. It also benefits the public relations by shaping consumer image and acting as a branding tool. Last it provides a positive environment in the working place. The employees are more productive knowing that they are engaging with a company that cares about the society (crane,

Design Proposal for a Product or Service Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Design Proposal for a Product or Service - Essay Example Simple facts such as this necessitated the establishment of Dines Company to provide high level of standard services only when need calls for organizations and institutions of similar management/ operation styles. Depending on if your catering requirements are for a large gathering or something as simple as an intimate party, we will always handle your event with the delicacy and standards recommended. We have a special state of the art kitchen in Florida CBD, USA; and a completely outfitted catering convoy which is meant to serve as our ‘kitchen on the go’, when any needs call for. In case of no cooking facilities at you party venue, just a simple notification will enable us come along with all the necessary supplies, equipments, and the right personnel. As allowed by our professionalism and vast experience, our team is specialized in ensuring creative fusion cuisine and making best choices from a variety of food traditions. We provide any combination as required by the clients, ranging from the very simple party appetizers to higher five-course meals. At all levels of our service provisions, we will always be pleased to have you work with us in making any suggestions on the menu, or rather go by your choice as is provided on the list of menu that our staff have already designed. Alcoholic and non-alcoholic beverages are also available at all times for your events. All the necessary materials and requirements that are necessary in the provision of our services are at their best and healthy states with us. However, we may also work with the clients’ resources in case they require so. For any event, we always draw very close attentions to clients who may be having any special needs, their won samples to be used and ingredients’ specifications. In the event of our call by any the esteemed clients, we do provide very flexible platforms. Our

A study on International Relations (IR) Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

A study on International Relations (IR) - Essay Example It is therefore natural that the Ukrainian Crises has significant impact in international business as pro-Russian and pro-European forces clash inside the country. This essay makes an analysis of the implication of the Ukrainian Crisis on international business while appreciating the fact that the crisis has ceased being an internal matter to one pitting Russia on one hand and most of European countries and the United States on the other. The beginning of the Ukrainian Crisis was greatly influenced by the events leading to the ouster from power of Russian-backed President Viktor Yanukovych. President Viktor Yanukovych was removed from power following widespread protests against his decision to suspend the EU–Ukraine Association Agreement in favour developing closer ties with Russia (Yakovenko, 2014; Fisher, 2014). Pro-Russian separatists in Donetsk and Luhansk were also emboldened by the annexation of the Ukrainian peninsula of Crimea by Russia. The decision by Viktor Yanukovych not to a trade deal with the European Union was seen by many pro-European Ukrainians as propagating the interests of Russia instead of promoting policies positive outcomes for the people of Ukraine. Russia reacted to these assertions by providing financial incentives, which included offering 50 percent price reduction on natural gas in addition to 15 billion dollars as financial aid package for the economically weak country. Following Viktor Yanukovych’s removal from office, and replacement with Arseniy Yatsenyuk who is a pro-Western technocrat, there was an escalation of tension between Russia and Ukraine. Russia reacted to the ouster of its ally by declaring it an illegal revolution followed by deployment of its troops into Crimea to take control of military facilities and ports. The annexation of Crimea following a referendum in favour of self-determination led to more

Compensation and Benefits support Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Compensation and Benefits support - Essay Example The strategic compensation plan of an organization certainly plays an important role to woo competent resource. Competitive price tags will attract experienced employees to come and join the organization. Hence, employees having better qualification and experience can be of great help in meeting the set revenue targets besides establishing the credibility of the organization in the market (Balkin & Gomez†Mejia 157). The strategic compensation plan for employees should be based on pay for performance. How can be a visionary and non-visionary person treated alike? As far as the sales employees are concerned, they should be given commission on their total sales. Reward system in an organization is a source of motivation for the employees to pursue their goals. Thinking of hard working by the employees without hoping for a reward is very difficult (Balkin & Gomez†Mejia 158). Retention of valuable resource amounts a hard nut to crack if it is not supported by the monetary benefits. There is an adage that â€Å"happy laborers work more†. To keep employees of repute for a longer period of time, it is utmost important for HRM to compensate them through increase in salary, promotion and cash performance reward so that they may not jump into other companies for better career prospects. If aforementioned measures are implemented in letter and in spirit, experienced workforce will think twice before going out in searching of another job opportunity (Armstrong 72). Competitive compensation and benefits are the key elements to attract the best talent available in the job market. Further, organizations that offer insurance covered health policy and guaranteed paid vacation are the hotcakes for the lucrative job hunters. It should be the focal point of HRM of any corporate entity in their compensation policy. Mentioned benefits should be linked with the increased profitability of the company and the performance of the employees as well

It Doesnt Matter Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

It Doesnt Matter - Essay Example As expected, this is a full reorientation from the manner IT is depicted. For several years, people have been taught with the notion that IT is an indispensable resource for strategic business. However, Carr persuasively explains that the age of the strategic significance of IT has gone by. From the point of view of business, strategic leverage arises from shortage, not fullness. The universal character of IT has made it another crucial component of the business world. Although the notion of strategic significance may have been reasonable in the formative years of IT, nobody predicted the current global recognition of these technologies. Similar to earlier scholars, Carr evaluates the progress of IT against other industries like electricity, transportation, and communication. Studying how technologies influence firm-level competition, Carr compares infrastructure and private technologies. The latter can be owned by a company and employed as the foundation of continuous competitive le verage. The former are accessible to everyone and are typified by principles, diminishing prices and heightened competition.

Compensation and Benefits support Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Compensation and Benefits support - Essay Example The strategic compensation plan of an organization certainly plays an important role to woo competent resource. Competitive price tags will attract experienced employees to come and join the organization. Hence, employees having better qualification and experience can be of great help in meeting the set revenue targets besides establishing the credibility of the organization in the market (Balkin & Gomez†Mejia 157). The strategic compensation plan for employees should be based on pay for performance. How can be a visionary and non-visionary person treated alike? As far as the sales employees are concerned, they should be given commission on their total sales. Reward system in an organization is a source of motivation for the employees to pursue their goals. Thinking of hard working by the employees without hoping for a reward is very difficult (Balkin & Gomez†Mejia 158). Retention of valuable resource amounts a hard nut to crack if it is not supported by the monetary benefits. There is an adage that â€Å"happy laborers work more†. To keep employees of repute for a longer period of time, it is utmost important for HRM to compensate them through increase in salary, promotion and cash performance reward so that they may not jump into other companies for better career prospects. If aforementioned measures are implemented in letter and in spirit, experienced workforce will think twice before going out in searching of another job opportunity (Armstrong 72). Competitive compensation and benefits are the key elements to attract the best talent available in the job market. Further, organizations that offer insurance covered health policy and guaranteed paid vacation are the hotcakes for the lucrative job hunters. It should be the focal point of HRM of any corporate entity in their compensation policy. Mentioned benefits should be linked with the increased profitability of the company and the performance of the employees as well

FINANCIAL REPORTING Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3500 words

FINANCIAL REPORTING - Assignment Example The paper presents the financial evaluation of the company and for this particular purpose, the most effective tool of ratio analysis has been utilized. The financial ratios are usually divided into various sub categories such as profitability, gearing and liquidity, each put emphasis on a different area of the financial outlook of the organization. These analyses form an integral part of the financial statement analysis, especially from the investor’s point of view, which are always looking for avenues to invest in countries having strengthened and stabilized financial ratios and representing an upward trend. In addition to the financial evaluation, for the purpose of risk assessment, several risks has been identified and assessed such as firm related risks, currency risks, capital structure risks and market risks. The Kerry Group PLC actively follows the corporate governance directives issued by the government for the corporation registered in the Ireland. Being a premium co mpany listed on the stock exchange, the company is required to follow the directives of the corporate governance requirements. ... Market and Industry Risk and competitor analysis The company operates in a highly competitive market where its competitors are continuously devising methods through which their profitability and market share can be increased. The company is exposed to a risk where its competitors can introduce a major change in their production process through introducing a state of the art technology. This can not only enhance the efficiency of their production, but it can significantly provide them with the cost leadership as well. In order to analyze market competitive forces, Porter gave a five forces model which analyzes the competitive forces acting in the market which a corporation has to manage in order for it to obtain competitive advantage. 3.2 Porter Five Forces Model Analysis Porter’s five forces model is an effective tool in exploring the competitive forces of the environment in which the organization operates. It allows the business to critically analyze its current business stra tegy and formulate one which can allow it to achieve a competitive position in the market. With the advancement in Information Technology, it has been prominently observed that the businesses are now focusing more and more on implementing information system in order to make the best use of their resources. In the mentioned case, KERRY GROUP PLC has several functional units carrying out activities related to the manufacturing and delivering of food merchandise. By integrating these units using information system, KERRY GROUP PLC can gain competitive advantage in the market which can by analyzed in the light of Porter’s five forces model. The first competitive force according to the model is the entry of new competitors

Price elasticity of demand Essay Example for Free

Price elasticity of demand Essay A. Price elasticity of demand (Ed) is used to determine if percent change price increases will percent change quantity demanded decease. In price elasticity of demand (Ed) there are three possible coefficient categories that can result; elastic, inelastic and unit elastic. Key components to remember when determining coefficient category, the threshold is set at one, there are only absolute values, no negative numbers, and the coefficient can only be categorized as elastic, inelastic and unit elastic. To determine if the coefficient is elastic, inelastic or unit elastic they would have the following characteristics. When price elasticity of demand (Ed) is elastic the coefficient will be greater than one (Ed 1). When a percent price change occurs quantity demanded responds strongly and there will be a large change in quantities consumers purchase. There is price sensitive in this scenario. If price elasticity of demanded (Ed) is inelastic the coefficient will be less than one (Ed 1). When a percent price change occurs quantity demanded doesn’t respond strongly and there’s a small change in quantities consumers purchase. There a weak price sensitive in this scenario. Lastly, if price elasticity of demanded (Ed) is unit elastic the coefficient will be equal to one (Ed = 1).Whenever there is a percent change in price there is an equally matched percent change in quantity demanded. This scenario is rare. The following formula can be used to compute the coefficient before categorizing if it is elastic, inelastic or unit elastic: Ed= %∆Qd _______ %∆Price After plugging in the given particulars and computing an answer for the coefficient, one will determine if the answer is greater, less, or equal to the threshold of one. Then last step the coefficient will be categorized as elastic, inelastic or unit elastic. B. Cross price elasticity (Exy) helps determine how percent change increase of a good or service impact quantity  demanded of another good/service. In cross price elasticity (Exy) there are two possible categories that the coefficients can be placed in; substitutes and complements. Key components are as follows threshold is zero, there is a positive or negative distinction in the coefficient, and if the coefficient is equal to zero, this means there is no impact on the good or service. The goods or services are independent of each other. The elasticity of a good or service depends on how specifically defined is the product. For example the brand of eggs you buy vs. you buying eggs. In cross price elasticity (Exy) if the coefficient is a substitute good or service it would be greater than zero (Exy 0). The more X and Y sales increase together we know they are substitutes, the greater the substitutability between the two goods or services. In cross price elasticity (Exy) if the coefficient is a complimentary good or service it would be less than zero (Exy 0). X and Y â€Å"go together,† increase in price of one of the goods/services decrease the demand of the other, they are complementary goods/services. The larger the negative coefficient, the greater the complementary between the two goods or services. The following formula can be used to compute the coefficient before determining if it’s a substitute or complimentary good/service. Exy= %∆Qd of good Y _____________ %∆Price of good X After plugging in the given particulars and computing an answer for the coefficient, one will determine if the answer is greater, less, or equal to the threshold of zero. Then last step the coefficient will be categorized as a substitute or complimentary. C. Income elasticity (Ei) measures how responsive percent change quantity demand is too percent change in a person’s income. There are two income categories; normal goods, which are also referred to as superior, and other category is inferior good. Two key components to remember are the threshold is set at zero and there is either a positive or negative distinction in the coefficient. In income elasticity (Ei) to determine if the coefficient is normal (superior) good the threshold would be greater than zero (Ei 0). When income rises so does the demand for normal (superior) goods. But also if there is a recession normal (superior) goods are usually hit hardest.

Contributions Of Galileo Galilei To Modern Astronomy Religion Essay

Contributions Of Galileo Galilei To Modern Astronomy Religion Essay Galileos Early Life and Career Galileo was born in Pisa, Italy. He was the oldest son of Vincenzo Galilei, a musician who made important contributions to the theory and practice of music. In the early 1570s, the family moved to Florence where they had lived for generations. In his middle teenager years, Galileo attended the monastery school at Vallombrosa, near Florence, and then in 1581 matriculated at the University of Pisa, where he was to study medicine but he decided to study mathematics instead.[3] In 1585, Galileo left the university without having obtained a degree and for several years he gave private lessons in the mathematics in Florence and Siena. During this period he designed a new form of hydrostatic balance for weighing small quantities.[3] He also began his studies on motion for the next two decades. Galileo discovered some ingenious theorems on gravity which brought him recognition among mathematicians, which resulted in him obtaining the chair of mathematics at the University of Pisa in 1589. It was here where he was reported to have shown his students the error of Aristotles belief that speed of fall is proportional to weight, by dropping two objects of different weight simultaneously from the Leaning Tower of Pisa.[4] His contract was not renewed in 1592, probably because he contradicted Aristotelian professors.[4] The same year he was appointed to the chair of mathematics at the University of Padua, where he taught geometry, mechanics and astronomy until 1610. It was during this period that Galileo made significant discoveries in both pure fundamental science and practical applied science. It was because of these discoveries that Galileo has been called the father of modern observational astronomy, the father of modern physics, the father of science, and the Father of Modern Science.[5] Galileos Work and Contributions to Modern Astronomy At Padua, Galileo invented a calculating compass for solving mathematical problems.[6] He discovered the law of falling bodies and of the parabolic path of projectiles. He also studied the motions of pendulums and investigated mechanics and the strength of materials.[7] In 1595, Galileo began to support the Copernican theory of the Earth revolving around the Sun (Heliocentric model) rather than the Aristotelian and Ptolemaic theory of the Earth at the centre of the universe (Geocentric model). The Copernican model had supported Galileos tide theory which was based on the motions of the Earth.[5] In the spring of 1609, Galileo heard that a spyglass had been invented in Holland. By trial and error, he quickly figured out the secret of the invention and made his own three-powered spyglass from lenses for sale in spectacle makers shops.[5] Others had done the same, but what set Galileo apart was that he quickly figured out how to improve the instrument, having taught himself the art of lens grinding, and thus, produced increasingly powerful telescopes. galileostele.jpg A Photo of The Original Galileo Telescope[8] By December 1609, Galileo had built a telescope of 20 times magnification and began observing the heavens. He discovered that the moon was not smooth, as had been thought by Aristotle and in fact, there were mountains and craters present on it making it rough and uneven.[9] Moon1.jpg Picture Showing Craters on the Moon[10] In January 1610, Galileo discovered four moons revolving around Jupiter thus proving that not all objects orbit the Earth (which was thought by Aristotle and Ptolemy).[11] These moons are now referred to as Galilean Moons. FG11_16.jpg Galilean Moons of Jupiter[12] These discoveries were tremendous and Galileo described them in a small book called The Sidereal Messenger which he dedicated to Cosimo II de Medici, the grand duke of his native Tuscany. He had also named the moons of Jupiter after the Medici family referring to them as the Sidera Medicea or Medicean Stars.[3] As a reward, Galileo was appointed as mathematician and philosopher of the grand duke of Tuscany. In Florence of that same year, he observed that Venus exhibited a full set of phases similar to that of the moon, which proved that it must orbit the Sun and not the Earth.[1] This observation was among the most important in human history, for it provided the first conclusive observational proof that was consistent with the Copernican system but not the Ptolemaic system. According to Nicholas Copernicus heliocentric model of the solar system, the Sun is at the centre of the solar system with the Earth being just another planet orbiting the Sun. The orbit of Venus around the sun would allow all the phases of Venus to be visible from the Earth. On the other hand, Claudius Ptolemys geocentric model, with Earth at the centre and Venus orbiting Earth, only the crescent and new moon phases of Venus would be observed. venus_orbit.png Ptolemaic View versus Copernican View of Venus[11] Galileos telescopic observations of the crescent, gibbous and full phases of Venus provided empirical and conclusive evidence that the Ptolemaics model was incorrect. Galileo was now confirmed in his belief, that the Sun is the centre of the universe and that the Earth is a planet, as Copernicus had previously argued. Galileos conversion to Copernicanism was a key turning point in the scientific revolution. In 1613, Galileo also observed the Sun through his telescope and saw that there were dark patches present on it, (now referred to as sunspots,) which were considered to be imperfections at the time.[13] sunspots.gif Sunspots on the Sun as Observed by Galileo through his Telescope[14] This was contrary to what Aristotle had proposed in that, the heavenly spheres and bodies were made from a divine, unchanging, perfect substance which he said was the fifth element called aether.[15] (The four elements were earth, fire, air and water.) Aristotle held that this perfect substance, had by nature to execute perfect (uniform, circular) motion.[16] Galileo observed the motion of these sunspots which indicated that the Sun was rotating on an axis which made it possible that the Earth might be rotating on an axis as well, as required by the Copernican model. Thus, if the heavens were in fact not perfect, then the idea of elliptical orbits (according to Kepler) was not so objectionable.[11] These new facts were both unknown to Aristotle and Ptolemy. The Greeks rejected the Heliocentric model partly because they could not detect stellar parallax, which was the apparent shifts in stellar positions when observed from two separate points over the course of the year. Galileo observed with his telescope that the Milky Way resolved into countless individual stars, which helped him argue that the stars were far more numerous and more distant than the Greeks had believed. With this in mind, Galileo was able to conclude that stars were so far away that stellar parallax were undetectable, thus further supporting the Heliocentric model.[11] In 1616, Galileo also discovered the planet Saturn which had seen as a three-body system, which was later found out to be the rings of Saturn but, he was unable to see this because his telescope was not powerful enough, showing them as extensions on either side of the planet. DSC08891-Saturn.jpgPic26-ears.jpg Galileos Sketch of Saturn[17] View of Saturn through Galileos Telescope in 1616[17] Galileo also conducted experiments using rolling balls to demonstrate that a moving object remains in motion unless a force acts to stop it (now codified as Newtons First Law of Motion). This explained why objects such as birds, falling stones and clouds, which share Earths motion in space, should stay with Earth rather than fall behind as Aristotle had argued.[11] Thus, it was Galileo who had laid the final groundwork in modern astronomy (originally started by Copernicus and continued with Brahe and Kepler) which was used to overthrow the views of Aristotle and Ptolemaic model. It was then the work of Issac Newton who put all the pieces together and demonstrated that the laws that governed the heavens were the same laws that governed motion on Earth. Galileos Writings and Publications In Astronomy Many philosophy professors had scorned Galileos discoveries because they had strongly believed in Aristotles views of perfectly spherical bodies existing in the heavens. In 1610, Sidereus Nuncius (The Starry/Sidereal Messenger) was the first scientific paper to be published based on Galileos telescopic observations which reported about the Galilean Moons, the craters and mountains on the Moons surface, the Milky Way and the numerous stars which it contains and the appearances of planets and fixed stars.[18] In 1613 he published work on the sunspots he discovered called the Letters on Sunspots. This publication also included the full set of phases of Venus as well as the puzzling appearance of the three-body system of Saturn. In 1614 a Florentine priest denounced Galileo from the pulpit because a Pisan professor (in Galileos absence) told the Medici that belief in a moving earth was unorthodox. Galileo wrote a letter on the irrelevance of biblical passages in scientific arguments, stating that the Bible should be adapted to increased knowledge and that no scientific person should be made a critique of the Roman Catholic faith.[3] In early 1616, Copernican books were subjected to censorship by law and that Galileo must no longer hold or defend the concept that the earth moves. Galileo remained silent on the subject for some years until 1623 when he published The Assayer. This book set forth his views on the mathematical formulation of scientific reasoning as well as experiments he conducted in determining longitudes at sea by using his predictions of Jupiters satellites. This book was successful and got support among the higher levels of Christian Churches. In 1624, Galileo went to Rome where he had a few interviews with the Pope (Urban VIII at that time), whom he told about his theory on tides that he developed in 1616. Galileo put forward proof of the annual and diurnal motions of the Earth, whereby he was granted the permission to write a book about the theories of the universe, but was warned to treat Copernican theory only hypothetically.[18] In 1630, the book titled the Dialogue on the Two Chief World Systems was allowed to print by the Roman Catholic sensors at Rome, but they altered the title, excluding the words Ptolemaic and Copernican (at the end of the above title). The book was finally published at Florence in 1632. However, in 1633 Galileo was summoned by the Roman Inquisition to stand trial for suspicion of heresy, on the grounds that he had been personally ordered in 1616 not to discuss Copernicanism either orally or in writing and was sentenced to life imprisonment which was commuted to house arrest.[18] The Dialogue was ordered to be burned. galilei_image01.jpg Painting depicts Galileo standing trial in Rome for his belief in Copernicanism[19] In 1638 at Leiden, Galileos final book was published entitled the Discourses Concerning Two New Sciences, which reviewed and refined his earlier studies of motion and mechanics. This book led Newton to the law of gravitation that linked Keplers laws with Galileos physics. Conclusion Galileo became blind before his last book was published. He died at his home in Arcetri, near Florence on January 8th 1642. It was not until 1979 an investigation into Galileos condemnation called for a reversal by Pope John Paul II and in October 1992, a papal commission acknowledged the Churchs error. Fifty years after his death the city of Florence erected a monument in Galileos honour in Santa Croce. 800px-Tomb_of_Galileo_Galilei.jpg Tomb of Galileo in Santa Croce[20] In December 2008, during the events to mark the 400th anniversary of Galileos telescopic observations, Pope Benedict XVI praised his contributions to astronomy. Galileo still remains one of the most important scientists of his time and even though he had a difficult lifetime and personally suffered because of his ideas, he is greatly appreciated today.

The Industrial Revolution Essay -- History Historical Work Essays

The Industrial Revolution Introduction to the Revolution The Industrial revolution was a time of drastic change marked by the general introduction of power-driven machinery. This change generally helped life, but it had its disadvantages as well. Pollution, such as Carbon Dioxide levels in the atmosphere rose, working conditions declined, and the number of women and children working increased. The government, the arts, literature, music, architecture and man's way of looking at life all changed during this period. Two revolutions took place. The first Industrial Revolution was based upon the cotton industry. Most of the inventions made during that period were mainly for manufacturing and producing cotton. John Kay, an English weaver invented the flying shuttle, a product that could cut cotton twice as fast. When other inventors saw what Kay had made, they wanted to do the same. One problem still remained. Yarn was not being fed fast enough through the weaver, but in 1769, two new inventions solved the problem. The spinning jenny and the water-powered frame, both of which fed yarn through the flying shuttle faster. Cleaning the cotton was a boring and time consuming job, so in 1793, Eli Whitney invented the cotton gin. The gin cleaned cotton up to 50 times faster than a human could. The Steam Engine The first steam engine was patented in 1769. Invented by James Watt, this steam engine was a combination of previous made engines. The first important development by Watt was a separate cylinder for the steam to exit. Another special design in Watt’s steam engine was that it used atmospheric pressure instead of steam pressure. The Assembly Line The Assembly Line, often attributed to Henry Ford, was a brilliant idea, which allowed items to be produced at a less expense, and at a faster rate. The principle behind the assembly line was that a worker would stand in one place, a belt would bring the pieces or goods to the worker and he or she would simply perform a task such as putting a bolt in or assembling a piece. Then, the item would go on its way by means of the belt to the next worker, who would perform the next task. The assembly line worked, and actually made things such as automobiles, previously too expensive for the average family, to now be affordable. England’s Economy Before the Revolution Before the first i... ...ife Changed During The Industrial Revolution Life drastically changed during the industrial revolution. People were living in germ infested, crowded and very unhealthy conditions, much like the places where they work. Women and children worked in harsh conditions for almost whole days and only received little pay. The British Parliament stepped in and limited child labor. This sparked a revolt. People, especially wealthy capitalists, wanted the government to stay out of its issues, called the laissez-faire system5. Many people opposed the laissez-faire system, saying the capitalists would gain too much power and people would be mistreated. The laissez-faire system was disregarded after a few years. Conclusion In Conclusion, all of the information above shows that the Industrial Revolution did change the jobs of today. During the Industrial Revolution, inventions such as the Cotton Gin and the Steam Engine were brought about. The Industrial revolution brought on more technology, wealth and power, but at what consequence? The people were living in filth, working unthinkable hours and being paid very little. The revolution shaped modern society to what it is today. The Industrial Revolution Essay -- History Historical Work Essays The Industrial Revolution Introduction to the Revolution The Industrial revolution was a time of drastic change marked by the general introduction of power-driven machinery. This change generally helped life, but it had its disadvantages as well. Pollution, such as Carbon Dioxide levels in the atmosphere rose, working conditions declined, and the number of women and children working increased. The government, the arts, literature, music, architecture and man's way of looking at life all changed during this period. Two revolutions took place. The first Industrial Revolution was based upon the cotton industry. Most of the inventions made during that period were mainly for manufacturing and producing cotton. John Kay, an English weaver invented the flying shuttle, a product that could cut cotton twice as fast. When other inventors saw what Kay had made, they wanted to do the same. One problem still remained. Yarn was not being fed fast enough through the weaver, but in 1769, two new inventions solved the problem. The spinning jenny and the water-powered frame, both of which fed yarn through the flying shuttle faster. Cleaning the cotton was a boring and time consuming job, so in 1793, Eli Whitney invented the cotton gin. The gin cleaned cotton up to 50 times faster than a human could. The Steam Engine The first steam engine was patented in 1769. Invented by James Watt, this steam engine was a combination of previous made engines. The first important development by Watt was a separate cylinder for the steam to exit. Another special design in Watt’s steam engine was that it used atmospheric pressure instead of steam pressure. The Assembly Line The Assembly Line, often attributed to Henry Ford, was a brilliant idea, which allowed items to be produced at a less expense, and at a faster rate. The principle behind the assembly line was that a worker would stand in one place, a belt would bring the pieces or goods to the worker and he or she would simply perform a task such as putting a bolt in or assembling a piece. Then, the item would go on its way by means of the belt to the next worker, who would perform the next task. The assembly line worked, and actually made things such as automobiles, previously too expensive for the average family, to now be affordable. England’s Economy Before the Revolution Before the first i... ...ife Changed During The Industrial Revolution Life drastically changed during the industrial revolution. People were living in germ infested, crowded and very unhealthy conditions, much like the places where they work. Women and children worked in harsh conditions for almost whole days and only received little pay. The British Parliament stepped in and limited child labor. This sparked a revolt. People, especially wealthy capitalists, wanted the government to stay out of its issues, called the laissez-faire system5. Many people opposed the laissez-faire system, saying the capitalists would gain too much power and people would be mistreated. The laissez-faire system was disregarded after a few years. Conclusion In Conclusion, all of the information above shows that the Industrial Revolution did change the jobs of today. During the Industrial Revolution, inventions such as the Cotton Gin and the Steam Engine were brought about. The Industrial revolution brought on more technology, wealth and power, but at what consequence? The people were living in filth, working unthinkable hours and being paid very little. The revolution shaped modern society to what it is today.

Principles of Diversity, Equality and Inclusion in Adult Social Care Setting Essay

1.1 Define what is meant by: Diversity Equality Inclusion Discrimination Diversity – is meant by acknowledging that each individual is unique and recognising individual differences, For example culture, ability, gender, race, religion, sexual orientation, or any other individual characteristic. Equality – is fair treatment and access opportunities for all regardless of differences like their ability, culture, race, gender, religion, sexual orientation, or any other group characteristic. Inclusion – is to embrace all people regardless of race, gender, age, ability etc. its about recognising that we are one and not all the same and to have a sense of belonging. Discrimination – is an unfair or unequal treatment of an individual or group on the grounds of age, gender, ability, race etc. its being disadvantaged or excluded in the same situation. 1.2 Describe how direct or indirect discrimination may occur in the work setting Direct discrimination may occur if an employee is not considered for a promotion because of age or a job is refused to a person because of their disability. Indirect discrimination may occur when employees are insisted to do nights shifts as this could exclude those who have children for or by not making reasonable adjustments at work could exclude those employees with a disability. 1.3 Explain how practices that support diversity, equality, inclusion reduce  the likelihood of discrimination Practices that support diversity, equality and inclusion to reduce the likelihood of discrimination may include encouraging everyone to express their views and have them listened to which in turns help us to respect and celebrate peoples differences, Promoting good practices and valuing their individuality enabling them to be fully involved not only in their own lives but everyone around them. 2.1 list key legislation and codes of practice relating to diversity, equality, inclusion and discrimination in adult social care setting Current legislation and codes of practice : Equality act 2010 Human rights act 1998 Essential standards GSCC Code of practice Safeguarding vulnerable groups act 2006 2.2 Describe how to interact with individuals in an inclusive way Interacting with individuals in an inclusive way, enabling the individual to be fully fully involved in their daily life and making the individual comfortable, being respectful and sincere at all times, being open to an individuals needs, view and beliefs , wishes and culture also taking a genuine interest in the individual. 2.3 Describe ways in which discrimination may be challenged in adult social care setting Ways to challenge discrimination, to not tolerate any form of discrimination and taking immediate action when discrimination occurs, empowering individuals to challenge discrimination themselves when it occurs, recording and reporting fully all incidents of discrimination that occurs, providing information, codes of practice or policy that explains discriminatory practices that must not occur also providing training to help make everyone aware of how to prevent and challenge discrimination. 3.1 Identify sources of information, advice and support about diversity, equality, inclusion and discrimination How to identify sources of information about diversity, equality, inclusion and discrimination is looking at the codes of practice and policies and procedures, also my line manager or care co-ordinator (eg senior) or individuals themselves, specialists advice eg human rights and equality commission, unions and charities eg age uk. 3.2 Describe how and when to access information, advice and support about diversity, equality, inclusion and discrimination How to access information, there are various ways obtaining information on diversity, equality , inclusion and discrimination. you can access government websites that list all the current legislation in place to protect the rights of individuals. You can obtain leaflets to give to individuals informing them of mine and their rights. I also can contact certain charities such as age uk, who can supply materials to hand out to my residents on diversity, equality, inclusion and discrimination, also my local citizens advice bureau will have some leaflets When to access information on diversity, equality, inclusion and discrimination is starting work in a health and social care setting or when clarification is needed. when you are having difficulties to promote diversity, equality , inclusion and discrimination and if an individual or a colleague request or requires more information

Concept of Service Profit Chain for Apple

The Service-Profit Chain Today by by James L. Heskett, W. Earl Sasser, Joseph Wheeler Relevance Today The service-profit chain (SPC) is as relevant today as it was when we wrote about it in â€Å"Putting the Service-Profit Chain to Work,† in the March 1994 issue of Harvard Business Review. In fact, three of the co-authors of that article have since left the academy to apply SPC principles in the business world. Company Examples Highly successful companies like Bouygues Telecom in France (now the third largest in its markets in the ten years since its founding) and ING DIRECT (now the 17th largest bank in the U.S. after just seven years) have been created since then, based on service-profit chain (SPC) relationships. Others, such as Rackspace Hosting (engaged in Web site design and management), Westpac (one of Australia’s leading banks), CEMEX (one of the world’s largest cement companies, based in Mexico), Harrah’s Entertainment (a leader in branded casino entertainment, based in Reno, Nevada), and Baptist Health Care (a not-for-profit health care organization centered in northwest Florida and southern Alabama), have been revitalized through actions suggested by SPC relationships.Positive examples of SPC practice are commonly found in companies at the top of Fortune’s 100 Best Places to Work and the Wall Street Journal’s best-performing companies. Other companies, such as Circuit City, provide examples of what happens when organizations manage themselves into a â€Å"doom loop† of negative SPC relationships. In March 2007, Circuit City announced that it would replace 3,400 of its more experienced, higher-paid salespeople with new, lower-paid hires. In so doing, it damaged customer satisfaction and ultimately suffered the financial consequences. Service-Profit Chain AnalysisIn the past 14 years literally hundreds of academic studies have examined one or more of the seven links in the service-profit chain we describ ed in our 1994 article. (David Maister, author of Practice What You Preach: What Managers Must Do to Create a High Achievement Culture (New York: The Free Press, 2001), proved in an extensive study the cause-and-effect relationships that exist between various elements of the SPC. ) Of the studies that have been done, all but a handful have confirmed the relationships in all kinds of for-profit and not-for-profit service activities.Some researchers have taken issue with certain of our hypotheses. In particular, several have found weak or negative relationships between employee satisfaction and productivity and between customer satisfaction and financial measures. In part, this can be explained by sudden management actions that have not yet been fully felt throughout the SPC. For example, changes in such things as staffing policies and organizational structure produce effects that may temporarily disrupt relationships between measures of employee and customer satisfaction. The Importa nce of All the Links in the ChainAs we have continued our work, we have learned, among other things, that: * An organization and its leadership can’t â€Å"cherry pick† ideas or focus on single relationships in the SPC; for maximum effectiveness, all of them must be addressed. * Firms performing well on one SPC dimension are probably doing well on others, too. * It all begins with the first link between the quality of the workplace and employee satisfaction. This link includes such variables as employee selection and recognition, as well as amenities and benefits designed to help employees achieve results for customers and themselves.Companies such as SAS (a leader in business intelligence and predictive analytics software, headquartered in Cary, NC) and Wegmans supermarkets (a regional chain centered in the northeast U. S. ) that invest deeply in workplace quality are consistently found near the top of the list of best places to work in the US. * There are patterns of practice that lead to SPC success. For example, many best-practice organizations have been built on teams of employees with latitude to hire, develop, and, if necessary, fire team members and with responsibility for the growth and profitability of a piece of the business. Customers that we termed â€Å"apostles† in 1994 drive most or all of a firm’s profits through what we have more recently come to think of as the five Rs of customer or employee â€Å"ownership†: retention, related sales, referral, recruitment, and research and development. Wegmans Supermarkets Take the case of Wegmans supermarkets. The company’s mission is to â€Å"set our goal to be the very best at serving our customers. Every action we take should be made with our customers in mind. We also believe that we can achieve our goal only if we fulfill the needs of our own people. At Wegmans, these are more than just words. According to Fortune, Wegmans has ranked in the top five places t o work in the U. S. for several years. In part, this is because CEO Danny Wegman and his team seek to create exciting experiences — centered around food — for both their employees and their customers. This even involves sending selected employees to Europe to study the practices of chefs creating gourmet cuisine. After interacting with employees, a surprising number of the company’s customers apply for jobs, self-selecting into an organization they believe in.A substantial portion of the company’s marketing effort fosters word-of-mouth referrals from existing customers. Ideas for new food items, recipes, and presentations are regularly solicited from and provided by customers and employees. As a result, Wegmans delivers unmatched value in spite of prices that are sometimes higher than competitors’. This, in turn, leads to profitable performance and growth in a very competitive business. Customers and Employees as â€Å"Apostles†Following the publication of â€Å"Putting the Service-Profit Chain to Work,† the work of two of us (Heskett and Sasser, in cooperation with Joe Wheeler) has focused on the payoffs from applying service-profit chain concepts to groups of employees and customers that exhibit what we call â€Å"owner† behaviors. Findings from this work will comprise the contents of our new book, The Ownership Quotient, to be published by Harvard Business Press later in 2008. These employees and customers aren’t just satisfied, loyal, and willing to recommend a company or its products or services to others.They are â€Å"apostles† who actually recruit others to an organization–either as a place to work or to bring their business. And they recommend improvements in how a product is designed or a service delivered, often through constructive complaints that are noted, processed, and acted upon by companies that foster â€Å"owner† behaviors. Our attention to â€Å"ownersâ₠¬  was captured when we found that in the organizations we have studied so far, a customer/owner is worth more than a hundred price-sensitive, non-loyal customers.Organizations that understand this, such as Harrah’s Entertainment and Rackspace Hosting, have designed ways of identifying and catering to customer/owners, often by creating ownership attitudes among their employees. These organizations build ownership in a number of ways: * They organize around cross-functional teams of employees, each of which is responsible for managing itself and developing relationships with a group of dedicated customers. (For example, at Rackspace Hosting, teams of â€Å"Rackers† are responsible for building business relationships with assigned groups of customers seeking help in managing their Web sites. * They carefully select the customers they will serve. (For example, at ING DIRECT, desired customers for on-line banking are targeted and others are â€Å"fired. †) * They u se firm-wide databases that enable employees to share information in order to tailor products and services to customer needs. (For example, Harrah’s Entertainment has a Total Rewards customer database. ) * They understand and meet individual customer needs and interests. (For example, employees at Build-A-Bear Workshops are trained to look for and respond to needs of individual customers in the store itself, as well as those who visit the company’s Web site. * They often engage customers in the delivery of a product. (For example, IKEA customers are encouraged to transport and assemble their furniture purchases themselves. ) * They identify values, behaviors, measures, and actions necessary to build and maintain an ownership mentality. (For example, Baptist Health Care has identified the critical elements of its organizational culture: integrity, vision, innovation, superior service, stewardship, and teamwork. ) Concept of Service Profit Chain for Apple The Service-Profit Chain Today by by James L. Heskett, W. Earl Sasser, Joseph Wheeler Relevance Today The service-profit chain (SPC) is as relevant today as it was when we wrote about it in â€Å"Putting the Service-Profit Chain to Work,† in the March 1994 issue of Harvard Business Review. In fact, three of the co-authors of that article have since left the academy to apply SPC principles in the business world. Company Examples Highly successful companies like Bouygues Telecom in France (now the third largest in its markets in the ten years since its founding) and ING DIRECT (now the 17th largest bank in the U.S. after just seven years) have been created since then, based on service-profit chain (SPC) relationships. Others, such as Rackspace Hosting (engaged in Web site design and management), Westpac (one of Australia’s leading banks), CEMEX (one of the world’s largest cement companies, based in Mexico), Harrah’s Entertainment (a leader in branded casino entertainment, based in Reno, Nevada), and Baptist Health Care (a not-for-profit health care organization centered in northwest Florida and southern Alabama), have been revitalized through actions suggested by SPC relationships.Positive examples of SPC practice are commonly found in companies at the top of Fortune’s 100 Best Places to Work and the Wall Street Journal’s best-performing companies. Other companies, such as Circuit City, provide examples of what happens when organizations manage themselves into a â€Å"doom loop† of negative SPC relationships. In March 2007, Circuit City announced that it would replace 3,400 of its more experienced, higher-paid salespeople with new, lower-paid hires. In so doing, it damaged customer satisfaction and ultimately suffered the financial consequences. Service-Profit Chain AnalysisIn the past 14 years literally hundreds of academic studies have examined one or more of the seven links in the service-profit chain we describ ed in our 1994 article. (David Maister, author of Practice What You Preach: What Managers Must Do to Create a High Achievement Culture (New York: The Free Press, 2001), proved in an extensive study the cause-and-effect relationships that exist between various elements of the SPC. ) Of the studies that have been done, all but a handful have confirmed the relationships in all kinds of for-profit and not-for-profit service activities.Some researchers have taken issue with certain of our hypotheses. In particular, several have found weak or negative relationships between employee satisfaction and productivity and between customer satisfaction and financial measures. In part, this can be explained by sudden management actions that have not yet been fully felt throughout the SPC. For example, changes in such things as staffing policies and organizational structure produce effects that may temporarily disrupt relationships between measures of employee and customer satisfaction. The Importa nce of All the Links in the ChainAs we have continued our work, we have learned, among other things, that: * An organization and its leadership can’t â€Å"cherry pick† ideas or focus on single relationships in the SPC; for maximum effectiveness, all of them must be addressed. * Firms performing well on one SPC dimension are probably doing well on others, too. * It all begins with the first link between the quality of the workplace and employee satisfaction. This link includes such variables as employee selection and recognition, as well as amenities and benefits designed to help employees achieve results for customers and themselves.Companies such as SAS (a leader in business intelligence and predictive analytics software, headquartered in Cary, NC) and Wegmans supermarkets (a regional chain centered in the northeast U. S. ) that invest deeply in workplace quality are consistently found near the top of the list of best places to work in the US. * There are patterns of practice that lead to SPC success. For example, many best-practice organizations have been built on teams of employees with latitude to hire, develop, and, if necessary, fire team members and with responsibility for the growth and profitability of a piece of the business. Customers that we termed â€Å"apostles† in 1994 drive most or all of a firm’s profits through what we have more recently come to think of as the five Rs of customer or employee â€Å"ownership†: retention, related sales, referral, recruitment, and research and development. Wegmans Supermarkets Take the case of Wegmans supermarkets. The company’s mission is to â€Å"set our goal to be the very best at serving our customers. Every action we take should be made with our customers in mind. We also believe that we can achieve our goal only if we fulfill the needs of our own people. At Wegmans, these are more than just words. According to Fortune, Wegmans has ranked in the top five places t o work in the U. S. for several years. In part, this is because CEO Danny Wegman and his team seek to create exciting experiences — centered around food — for both their employees and their customers. This even involves sending selected employees to Europe to study the practices of chefs creating gourmet cuisine. After interacting with employees, a surprising number of the company’s customers apply for jobs, self-selecting into an organization they believe in.A substantial portion of the company’s marketing effort fosters word-of-mouth referrals from existing customers. Ideas for new food items, recipes, and presentations are regularly solicited from and provided by customers and employees. As a result, Wegmans delivers unmatched value in spite of prices that are sometimes higher than competitors’. This, in turn, leads to profitable performance and growth in a very competitive business. Customers and Employees as â€Å"Apostles†Following the publication of â€Å"Putting the Service-Profit Chain to Work,† the work of two of us (Heskett and Sasser, in cooperation with Joe Wheeler) has focused on the payoffs from applying service-profit chain concepts to groups of employees and customers that exhibit what we call â€Å"owner† behaviors. Findings from this work will comprise the contents of our new book, The Ownership Quotient, to be published by Harvard Business Press later in 2008. These employees and customers aren’t just satisfied, loyal, and willing to recommend a company or its products or services to others.They are â€Å"apostles† who actually recruit others to an organization–either as a place to work or to bring their business. And they recommend improvements in how a product is designed or a service delivered, often through constructive complaints that are noted, processed, and acted upon by companies that foster â€Å"owner† behaviors. Our attention to â€Å"ownersâ₠¬  was captured when we found that in the organizations we have studied so far, a customer/owner is worth more than a hundred price-sensitive, non-loyal customers.Organizations that understand this, such as Harrah’s Entertainment and Rackspace Hosting, have designed ways of identifying and catering to customer/owners, often by creating ownership attitudes among their employees. These organizations build ownership in a number of ways: * They organize around cross-functional teams of employees, each of which is responsible for managing itself and developing relationships with a group of dedicated customers. (For example, at Rackspace Hosting, teams of â€Å"Rackers† are responsible for building business relationships with assigned groups of customers seeking help in managing their Web sites. * They carefully select the customers they will serve. (For example, at ING DIRECT, desired customers for on-line banking are targeted and others are â€Å"fired. †) * They u se firm-wide databases that enable employees to share information in order to tailor products and services to customer needs. (For example, Harrah’s Entertainment has a Total Rewards customer database. ) * They understand and meet individual customer needs and interests. (For example, employees at Build-A-Bear Workshops are trained to look for and respond to needs of individual customers in the store itself, as well as those who visit the company’s Web site. * They often engage customers in the delivery of a product. (For example, IKEA customers are encouraged to transport and assemble their furniture purchases themselves. ) * They identify values, behaviors, measures, and actions necessary to build and maintain an ownership mentality. (For example, Baptist Health Care has identified the critical elements of its organizational culture: integrity, vision, innovation, superior service, stewardship, and teamwork. )

Marriage and How It Has Changed Essay

Marriage has gone through profound changes over the last five decades, but we continue to speak about it as though it’s the same old familiar pattern. To see how much has changed; I am going to look at the shift from the forties, to the sixties, to today. In 1968, less than a year after the famous Summer of Love, as they used to say out in the country, â€Å"The times they were a-changing.† The sexual revolution, Viet Nam, drugs–the youth of the day were convinced the world would never be the same again. Yet they didn’t think about how such changes would affect marriage. It seemed as if they thought it would be about the same as it had been for their parents, except better because they (like most youth of most times) thought they were better than their gray and jaded parents that represented the â€Å"American Gothic† portrayed that day. No matter how you describe it, it was a powerfully attractive vision. The average age at which Americans got married dropped drastically, to just 19 for women. The number of children soared higher than it had for decades, to a peak of 3.7 children per woman in 1957. The goal back then was domesticity, and both partners worked for it–one to earn the pay, the other to make the home. If a man was a good provider, if he didn’t drink or beat his wife, if he was a â€Å"good father† to his children, he was a good husband. A good wife had to be a decent cook and housekeeper, take care of the children and provide emotional support to her husband. Polls taken during that time show that more than 90 percent of people could not imagine an unmarried person being happy. When asked what they thought they had given up for marriage and family, most women said, â€Å"Nothing.† Since the fifties, we’ve chased personal happiness, career and self-fulfillment and assumed that marriage and family would somehow fit in. One sign of this shift is the percentage of couples who say they would stay together â€Å"for the sake of the children,† which sank from about 50 to 20 between 1962 and 1977. We’ve lost something else, something far more surprising: the pure sexual drama of marriage. In Goin’ to the Chapel: Dreams of Love, Realities of Marriage, Charlotte Mayerson describes some startling discoveries about the Ozzie and Harriet generation. While talking in-depth to 100 middle-class women of all ages about their marriages, she  found that those who enjoyed a passionate sexual relationship with their husbands were almost certain to have come of age in the fifties. In contrast, sex just wasn’t that important for younger women. â€Å"Time and time again, the younger women say, ‘On a scale of one to ten, sex, I would say, gets a three,'† Mayerson writes. â€Å"These younger women had plenty of sexual relationships before they married, and the thrill was gone before the wedding day. For many older women, however, the excitement of sex had been a reason to marry, and the passion remained.† Those â€Å"Ozzie and Harriet† marriages, Mayerson suggests, could be considerably more passionate than those that have come since the Sexual Revolution. Baby boomers didn’t rebel against domesticity, they just took it for granted. Marriage wasn’t a treasure for which they worked and sacrificed, they thought of it as an adventure that happened because you fell in love; and it competed with other adventures–sex, travel, success, saving the planet. Today, the fifties serve as an ideological battleground. For conservatives who regret the changes that have come, those years are a reminder of the good old days. For liberals who push society to escape oppressive patriarchal arrangements, they are a dreaded Dark Ages. Their constant cry is, â€Å"We can’t go back to the fifties!† Indeed, we can’t. But we would do well to recognize what we’ve lost and might regain. We’ve lost the emphasis on marriage and children that provided so much stability. Back then, a man’s career was to provide for the family, not his ego; a woman’s ambitions were put on the shelf if they conflicted with the children’s needs. That was certainly restrictive to some, but it created a strong social fabric. Since the fifties, we’ve chased personal happiness, career and self-fulfillment and assumed that marriage and family would somehow fit in. The situation is hardly hopeless. After all, if something like half of all marriages ends in divorce, that means the other half don’t. We can’t guarantee that our children will succeed, but we can certainly prepare them and support them to be numbered among the successful. For previous generations, marriage was an inevitable destination. It didn’t take any special intention; it was a stage in life. For the ’00 generation, marriage  will have to be a much more intentional act. They need encouragement, they need mentors, and most of all they need straight talk. We must ask them: â€Å"Do you know what you’re doing? Are you prepared to make this a success?† We often hear that if we do not learn from the past, we are bound to relive it. In my opinion, it is certainly something that wouldn’t hurt us a single bit in this particular situation. Works Cited Mayerson, Charlotte. Goin’ To the Chapel; Dreams of Love, Realities of Marriage. 1996. Basic Press

Question Response form Case Study Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Question Response form Case Study - Essay Example Dick inherited problems at Modrow plant; he was not included in initial planning and spent a lot of time in getting up to speed. His friendly and easy going attitude was not appreciated in the English plant as well as the Modrow plant by Canadian workers, as his casual strolls were considered as suspicious and steadily his stature and authority as a plant manager was undermined by the workers. The limitations he had as a leader was his inability to understand accounting practices and delegating tasks to his sub-ordinates, as a result he started taking interest in minor or unimportant issues of the plant. This micro management kept him away from core issues rising from expansion and modernization of the plant. His attempts to gain insights by spending time in manufacturing area were not ideal and a trusting behavior towards middle management should have brought better results in implementing the changes he wanted. He was not furnished by the relevant information by middle management a s they had doubts about his abilities as a leader additionally his obsession for gaining insight from workers left the middle management with lack of trust in him. In order for a successful change to come whether it is cost saving initiative, modernization or expansion Dick should have paid attention to more strategic issues of the time and used his time for inculcating trust within management, there are many leaders who lack the technical knowledge or experience but they achieve results by leaving the technical aspects of the work to technical staff communicating with their line managers and not seeing everything as a potential for cost saving initiatives. A gradual or incremental change would have helped Dick in first normalizing the situation due to his appointment ahead of local operating staff, gain trust of managers by staying away from the workers followed by understanding the modernization and expansion challenges. This change is suggested keeping the personality of Dick in consideration, consequently an authoritative leader would have opted for a rapid change while resisting forces would have been removed or sidelined. Dick was not authoritative and it was sheer nuisance that made him show anger towards the foremen, the strategic change approach best for him was the above said incremental one with less suspicion and exploration towards prevailing methods used by workers (Daft, 2010). Question 2. The change or improvement measure proposed by Dick to the foremen was justified and could have saved costs, what Dick missed in bringing this change was the consideration of issues faced by workers and how they wanted to work. The reason foremen disagreed with him was due to his lack of trust in him as a leader, alternatively Dick should have requested the siding manager to implement the new method of scrapping. Dick did not follow the chain of command nor did he uphold his stature as a plant manager, as a result he was ignored by the foremen and the workers a like. Change is always faced by resistance; this resistance comes from confusion or the need to continue status quo hence such resisting elements should be dealt by the managers by addressing concerns of the workers and explaining value addition to them and to the organization. Even though Dick’s intentions were good but his approach led to the