Identification of Morphological and Physiological Characteristics of Unknown Bacteria Essay

obesity is a word that everyone is currently well-known(prenominal) with. The media and health professionals have been working tirelessly to make the general open aware of its prevalence and detriments to society. With the staggering statistics of 32.2% prevalence in adults and a mental image of 13.9% to 18.9% prevalence in children and adolescents, these fall outstanding numbers stand out for themselves. (1) annex rates of obesity are associated with higher risk work outs for other diseases much(prenominal) as Type 2 diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular diseases, colon arsecer, diverticulitis, cancer of the endometrium, and embrace cancer. (2) Knowing how to combat obesity will path to decreased complications of the school as well as a lower risk factor for other diseases.In light of these significant numbers, our collection chose to explore the family relationship of dietetical persona to aid in the prevention and treatment of obesity, hence also reducing the incidence other diseases. Our focus was on make a hot meal with a simple modification to append the dietary lineament available. The original recipe is a white strain pilaf with the adjustment being made with a substitution of embrown sift. This change will boost the character usance from 0.8g per constituent to 2.6g per serving. The represents a substantial jump in accessibility to a vital vocalism of our diet. We expect favorable results in the acceptance of our modification. The texture is a crook hardier, cooking time is persistenter, and cost is slightly higher, but we believe the benefits outmatch these variables. The RDA recommends amid 25g-30g a day, but the average American receives only 12g-13g per day.(3) With this lightsome alteration, we hope to increase these low numbers that the average American receives up to the recommended levels. PurposeThe purpose of our research study is to substitute brown rice for white rice in a pilaf. This pilaf can be eaten for lunch or dinner as a hot ramp dish or main dish. It is intended to introduce a serving of a whole grain in the diet and with it bring an increase dietary fiber. Literature ReviewIntroduction The frequent occurrence of this disease, as mentioned above, has produced many scientific research studies concentrating on remedying and reversing the trend. Finding and interpreting the results was uncomplicated. I used the online databases Google Scholar, Medline, and Cinhal to gather my data. My keywords include obesity and dietary fiber. I assembled robust studies that encompassed sample sizes ranging from 11-74,091 participants, with timelines up to twelve years, and accommodating populations in the United States, Spain, Finland, Brazil, Italy, Greece, the power Yugoslavia, Japan, Serbia, Belgrade, and The Netherlands. These studies centered on three different aspects of the relationship between dietary fiber and weight. These are expanded upon below. A synopsis of the reviewed studies can be found in Appendix 1.Correlations of the Development of Obesity Seven out of the ten studies compared the connection between dietary fiber intake and the reading or current status of obesity. (2, 4-9) All studies included self inform questionnaires to collect sociodemographic, health history, physical activity, anthropometric, bowel movements, and dietary data. The most parking area dietary form used was the Food Frequency Questionnaire, with sextuplet complying. (2, 4-5, 7-9) The polish study utilized twenty-four hour recalls. (6) Other measurements included height, weight, and subscapular skinfold thickness.The wide-cut body of findings revealed that higher fiber intake was inversely related to long term weight gain and increased body fat. Reporting measures were versatile but included the same positive trend. Higher fiber intake equated to an average weight of 1.52kg less, a 48-49% lower risk of weight gain, and a BMI that was 1.5 less when compared to low fiber intake. So me studies investigated other variables in accompaniment to increasing fiber. One study addressed physical activity in addition to increased fiber as a therapy. (5) This study on with another explored the incorporation of a low fat diet along with the high fiber diet. In both, dietary fat was not nowadays associated with reduction of body fat or obesity but showed a compounding result when correlated with higher fiber. A lower BMI end of 2.75 was established on a low fat and high fiber diet. (6)Development of Diseases related to Obesity Two studies were taken on to fancy into the increased use of fiber to decrease the risk of obesity leaders to Type 2 diabetes. (10, 11) In a large cohort with a sample size just under 36,000, self reported dietary and weight figures were collected. (10) later six years of follow up, the statistics were analyzed and the results showed a 22% lower risk of the development of diabetes from the highest quintile of dietary fiber intake. These sangu ine results were in consensus with the other study. This study had more stringent controls and divided participants into 2 groups. (11) One received standard care and the other received intense exercise and dietary counseling. Oral glucose tolerance tests and body composition measurements were calculated. After a four year follow up, the high fiber group gained 75% less than their low fiber counterparts, 0.7kg gain versus 3.1kg gain, respectively.Treatment of Obesity The last study out of the ten engaged the most scientific disciplines. (12) The sample was already obese. They participated in controlled feeding in a metabolic kitchen. The cross over design allowed for six weeks on either a low or high fiber diet with a six week washout period in between them. Daily logs were kept and an OGTT and Euglycemic hyperinsulinemic clamp was used every two weeks for measuring results. At the conclusion, continence insulin was 10% lower, the AUC was lowered, and the rate of glucose infusi on was higher after the higher fiber diet.Limitations All of the studies employed self reporting figures in some form, whether the can of all of their information or for at least some part. This may lead to underreporting, overreporting, or misinterpretation. The definition of a whole-grain or high fiber food varied among studies. Recipe and ingredient databases or non-comprehensive food frequence questionnaires may aid in inaccurate recordings of intake. Although the study utilizing the metabolic kitchen was the trump out scientific representation among the studies it is worth mentioning that it was sponsored and funded by the General Mills Corporation. This could lead to a possible conflict of interest and hence a restriction to the studies findings.Conclusion The complete compilation of studies supports the purpose of our recipe modification. Each forceful the importance of replacing low fiber foods with fiber rich foods to serve prevent or reduce weight gain. The signific ant correlation between fiber and obesity has been established in this review. The protective role of fiber, along with physical activity and dietary fat, should be included in advice and circumspection therapies tailored to this condition and other related to it. Materials and MethodsFor our subjective evaluation we intentional three separate score cards demographic, evaluation, and preference. Samples of the score cards can be found in Appendix 2. Sociodemographic For the demographic desktop we included questions regarding age range, household income range, ethnicity, and educations. We also included six questions probing background information on exposure and open-mindedness of our products.